Glossary

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

SCLIN "The acronym ""SCLIN"" refers to the CLARION device fitting software program which is formally named ""Software CLINician"""

Sensitivity Generally, sensitivity refers to the minimum input signal required to produce a measurable output. The Clarion® system has a sensitivity knob which controls the automatic gain control of the system, raising or lowering the threshold level of the unit or the level at which sound is picked up by the processor.

signal-to-noise ratio the intensity relationship between a sound of interest (signal) and a distracting sound (noise).

Simultaneous Analog Stimulation (SAS) SAS is a fully simultaneous processing strategy that provides digitized reproduction of the natural, analog sound waves of the acoustic sound inputs.

Simultaneous Pulsatile Stimulation (SPS) With SPS, pulsatile waveforms are delivered to all active stimulation sites at the same time.
Hypothetically, this way of stimulating the cochlea might produce auditory nerve fiber activation, more like the stochastic (random) firing patterns that occur in the acoustically stimulated normal cochlea.

simultaneous stimulation This term refers to the temporal pattern of electrode stimulation. In simultaneous stimulation the electrodes or channels are stimulated at the same time. This stimulation is used in the SAS processing strategy.

sound field an area or room in which sound waves are propagated through a loudspeaker, in contrast to sounds delivered more directly into the ear canal through earphones or through small insert receivers.

speechreading a more current term than lipreading that encompasses lip movements, facial expressions and gestures — all of which augment acoustic information to aid receptive communication.

speech spectrum "The range of frequencies in which speech sounds are carried; the distribution of pure tones that comprise any particular complex speech sound."

Stimulation methods In cochlear implants, stimulation methods are described as either sequential or simultaneous. In sequential stimulation, one electrode position at a time is activated. In simultaneous stimulation, two or more electrode positions are activated at the same

Stimulation Waveforms CLARION can produce a multitude of stimulating electrical waveforms to represent incoming sounds. Waveforms can either be pulsatile or digitized analog.

Pulsatile waveforms have a distinct square shape. In contrast, digitized analog waveforms have a wavy character that mimic the natural acoustic waveforms of speech and other sounds. Representing analog sound inputs in analog electrical waveforms requires many sites to be stimulated simultaneously, as described below.

Both types of waveforms – pulsatile and analog – produce sound sensations. Only CLARION offers the programming option of either pulsatile or analog waveforms.

Stochastic Response The word stochastic comes from Greek and means ‘aim at., guess’ or in today’s language random. A stochastic response is the natural typical randomised response of the auditory system to a stimulus. Instead of all ganglion cells reacting to the stimulation

strategy a set of rules for converting the acoustic input signal (speech and non-speech sound) into a stream of electrical stimulating waveforms to be applied to the cochlear implant. In CLARION, sound processing strategies can use pulsatile or analog electrical waveforms, delivered either in sequence or in any simultaneous combination. The two most widely used CLARION speech coding strategies are CIS and SAS.